Eukaryotic Cells

Cell Webquest – Ms. Carter
Eukaryotic Cells
California Standard: Cell Biology 1.a, e, f, g
CELL BIOLOGY 1 a. The fundamental life processes of plants and animals depend on a variety of chemical reactions that occur in specialized areas of the organism’s cells. As a basis for understanding this concept:
a. Students know cells are enclosed within semi-permeable membranes that regulate their interactions with their surroundings.
e. Students know the role of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus in the secretion of proteins.
f. Students know how usable energy is captured form sunlight by chloroplasts and is stored thorough the synthesis of sugar from carbon dioxide.
g. Students know the role of the mitochondria in making stored chemical-bond energy available to cells by competing the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide.
PURPOSE:
• To understand the structure and functions of organelles within the cell.
• To differentiate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
• To understand the similarities and differences between animal and plant cells.

http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

1. Visit this website and draw and label an ANIMAL cell with the following organelles:
a. Nucleus, nucleolus, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth ER), rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER), mitochondria, cell membrane.
b. Explain the functions of the organelles in 1 a. (Use writting guidelines)
2. Draw and label a PLANT cell with the following organelles:
a. Nucleus, nucleoulus, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, rough ER, mitochondria, cell membrane, chloroplast, vacuole, cell wall.
b. Explain the functions of: chloroplast, vacuole, cell wall (Use writting guidelines)
3. Draw a Venn diagram showing the organelles that are common to both animal and plant cells and those that are unique to plant and animal cells.

Prokaryotes versus Eukaryotes

Cell Webquest – Ms. Carter
Prokaryotes versus Eukaryotes

California Standard: Cell Biology 1. c
Cell Biology: The fundamental life processes of plants and animals depend on a variety of chemical reactions that occur in specialized areas of the organism’s cells. As a basis for understanding this concept:
c. Students know how prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells (including those from plants and animals), and viruses (next semester) differ in a complexity and general structure.

PURPOSE:
• To understand the cellular composition of life.
• To understand the two categories of cell types: prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
• To be able to differentiate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
• To be able to draw and label the parts of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

There are two categories of cells: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
Prokaryotic organisms are unicellular and believe to be the first form of life on this planet. These cells are very simple. Bacteria are prokaryotic cells and the most abundant form of life on this planet. Yet, they are microscopic.

1. Click the link below and watch the video.
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/science/prokaryotes-videos-playlist.htm#video-29535

Eukaryotic organisms can be unicellular or multicellular. These cells are much more complex and more modern than prokaryotes. If you can see it with the naked eye, it is made up of eukaryotic cells: YOU, plants, all animal forms, and fungi are made up of eukaryotic cells.

1. Watch the video on eukaryotic cells.
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/28763-assignment-discovery-eukaryotic-cells-video.htm

2. Click on the links below and fill out the Venn diagram. Write down characteristics that only Prokaryotic cells have, characteristics that only Eukaryotic cells have, and characteristics that both types of cells have in common. You can also check your textbook.
3. Draw and label the following parts of a Prokaryotic cell. Be neat.
a. Capsule, cell wall, cytoplasm, cell or plasma membrane, pili, flagella, ribosomes, nucleoid region, plasmids
4. Give the definitions of the 9 parts in question 2 a. Follow the example below.
1. Capsule:
Definition
2. Cell wall:
Definition
3. Etc…

http://www.bothbrainsandbeauty.com/academic-discussions/biology-academic-discussions/prokaryotic-cells-vs-eukaryotic-cells-400

http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/cells/common.html

http://biology.about.com/od/cellanatomy/ss/prokaryotes.htm

http://www.invive.com/cells.html

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/bacteriacell.html

http://www.differencebetween.net/science/difference-between-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes/

http://www.diffen.com/difference/Eukaryotic_Cell_vs_Prokaryotic_Cell

Biomolecules webquest

Students,
Here is the second webquest assignment.

BIOMOLECULES Webquest – The Polymers of Life

Ms. Carter

Visit these sites and answer the following questions on a separate piece of paper. Leave a space between the answers. Do not write the questions.

http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/proteinstructure.html

1.     Describe the shape and bond types of proteins

2.     What happens to proteins when heated?

CLICK STEP THROUGH AND PLAY “FRYING EGGS”

1.     Write down the components of egg white and egg yolk

2.     Describe the proteins in an uncooked egg. Draw the protein and the bonds

3.     Explain what happens when the egg is cooked

4.     Take the quiz and write the answers you gave

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=AP13104

1.     What are carbohydrates and how are they classified?

2.     What is a monosaccharide? Give examples

3.     Draw the ring structural formula of glucose

4.     Draw the linear structural formula of glucose

5.     What is deoxyribose? Draw the ring formula

6.     What are disaccharides? Give examples

7.     What happens during the dehydration synthesis? Look at the figure

8.     What is a polysaccharide? Give and explain the two examples given

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=AP13204

1. What is a lipid? Examples?
2. What are neutral fats?
3. What are saturated fats? Examples
4. What are fats made up of?
5. What are unsaturated fats? Examples
6. What are phospholipids?
7. Draw and label a phospholipids
8. Define Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic
9. Define Cholesterol
10. Draw and label a cell membrane

http://www.mrhartog.com/BIO/ch03/dna_structure.html

1. Summarize the video. Explain the structure of nucleotides, what they are, how they are arranged, what they are composed of, etc…

• Cell or plasma membranes are composed of lipids, carbohydrates, cholesterol, and proteins (plus others). Draw a cell or plasma membrane. Label these biomolecules.

• Draw and label a phospolipid.

Webquest Oct 28th, 2010

Students, here are the pages you need to work on.

ENZYME WEBQUEST

WEBSITE #1: http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/Biology1111/animations/enzyme.html

Choose ENZYMES:  The BASICS

1.     SLIDE ONE:  Enzymes are ________________that serve as __________________.

They _________________up or _______________    ______________reactions, but ALWAYS remain _________________.

2.    SLIDE TWO:  What is an ACTIVE SITE?

3.    SLIDE THREE:  Each ______________acts on a specific_____________.

4.    What is a SUBSTRATE? 

5.    DRAW an ENZYME and SUBSTRATE below.  Make each a DIFFERENT COLOR and label each.

6.    SLIDE FIVE:  YOU JUST DRANK A GLASS OF MILK!  DRAW THE CATALYTIC CYCLE OF LACTOSE BELOW!  LABELING THE SUBSTRATE, SUBSTRATE ENZYME COMPLEX, THE ACTIVE SITE, AND THE PRODUCTS.  MAKING EACH A DIFFERENT COLOR!

7.    Someone who is “LACTOSE INTOLERANT”…is lacking which enzyme?____________________

WEBSITE #2: http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab2/intro.html

Enzyme Catalysis

Key Concepts

8.    _________________ catalyze reactions by lowering the _______________  _________________ necessary for a reaction to occur. The molecule that an enzyme acts on is called the _________________. In an enzyme-mediated reaction, _________________ molecules are changed, and _________________ is formed. The _________________molecule is _________________ after the reaction, and it can continue___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

9.    Each _________________ is _________________for the _________________ it will catalyze. In this laboratory,

Enzyme = catalase,  found in your liver

Substrate = hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

Products = water and oxygen

10.  DRAW THE REACTION THAT TOOK PLACE ON THE LEFT USING YOUR OWN SHAPES, LABELING THE SUBSTRATE, ENZYME, ACTIVE SITE ON THE ENZYME, ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX, AND THE PRODUCTS.

Enzyme Structure

11.   Enzymes are globular, functional _____________________. Their folded conformation creates an area known as the _________________ _______________. The nature and arrangement of __________________  ____________________ in the __________________  __________________ make it specific__________________________________________________________.

12.  DRAW A MODEL OF AN ENZYME, ACTIVE SITE, AND SUBSTRATE BELOW:

Some Factors That Affect Enzyme Action

13.  The conformation of an enzyme is maintained by interactions between the various ___________________ _______________ that compose it, and this conformation is sensitive to ________________________________________. Two important influences are _________________ and ________________. When an enzyme's ________________________ is significantly altered because of ____________ or ___________________ variation, the enzyme may no longer _____________________  ___________________. An enzyme is said to be _____________________ when it loses its functional shape.

pH and Enzyme Function

14.  Each enzyme functions best within a _______________________. For example, the enzyme__________________, which works in your stomach, functions best in a strongly ____________________environment. Lipase, an enzyme found in your _____________________________, works best in a __________________ environment.

15.  When the pH changes, the active site ____________________________ and affects ____________________ ________________. What happens to catalysis when an enzyme is subjected to a pH far from its optimum range?

16.  WATCH THE ANIMATION AND DESCRIBE WHAT YOU SEE BELOW:

Temperature and Enzyme Function

17.  Chemical reactions speed up as ____________________ is increased, so, in general,_________________ will ___________________ at higher temperatures. However, each enzyme has a temperature __________________________, and beyond this point the enzyme's _____________________________ is lost. ___________________ temperatures will ______________________ most enzymes.

WEBSITE#3

:http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp06/0602001.html

GO TO ANIMATION, then to STEP THROUGH

1^st-Add a SUBSTRATE

2^nd-Add an ENZYME

PRESS PLAY

18.  Describe what happened:

WEBSITE #4: http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp06/0602002.html

Make sure you are in the ANIMATION portion and go to STEP THROUGH…Watch the animation…it is a bit complicated.  Main idea I need you to understand is….

19.  TRUE or FALSE:  an enzyme can change shape and become ACTIVE or INACTIVE.